Symptoms And Treatment Of Thyroid Disease - 1399 Words

What is natural is that most adults feel exhausted, completely out of energy. But what is not natural is gaining 5lbs per week and this is the first indication of hypothyroidism. There is 20 million people have a type of thyroid disease. From those 20 million people up to 60% are unaware that they carry some sort of thyroid disease. Women are five times more likely to carry a thyroid problems than men. Thyroid is often overlooked and considered to be some kind of disorder instead of what it really is a disease, then it starts to developed in children. Because one of their parents carries the gene without them knowing the effects of the child. There are numerous amounts of disease or disorders that may be developed due to the thyroid†¦show more content†¦When thyroid hormone levels drop too low, the hypothalamus secretes TSH Releasing Hormone (TRH), which alerts the pituitary to produce thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The thyroid responds to this chain of events by producing more hormones† (Sargis, Robert M., 2016, para. 3). The two main hormones that the thyroid produces and releases are tri-iodothyronine, T3, and thyroxine, T4. According to the Endocrine Web, â€Å"A thyroid that is functioning normally produces approximately 80% T4 and about 20% T3, though T3 is the stronger of the pair† (Sargis, Robert M., 2016, para. 6). Also, thyroid produces calcitonin, which helps control blood calcium level. There are many disorders and diseases that are linked with the thyroid. Having too much or too little of the thyroid hormone is known as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, abnormal thyroid growth, nod ules or lumps within the thyroid gland, and thyroid cancer. One of the most common thyroid diseases out there is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, or better known as hypothyroidism. This sort of disease affects both genders and all ages, but it is highly more common in women and women over the age of 60. Hypothyroidism is the condition of not being able to produce enough thyroid hormones, it is an inactive thyroid. The whole purpose of the thyroid hormone is to regulate the metabolism, and people with this condition tend to have a very slow metabolism or digestion. The cause of

Important Wealth Tax Cases Law for Ca Final Dt Nov 2011 Free Essays

Wealth Tax FOR NOV 2011 EXAM 2011 – TMI – 203374 – PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT Rajiv Kumar. Versus Commissioner of Wealth Tax. Urban land – Agricultural land – the matter is covered against the assessee by order of this Court dated 8. We will write a custom essay sample on Important Wealth Tax Cases Law for Ca Final Dt Nov 2011 or any similar topic only for you Order Now 9. 2003 in W. T. A. No. 1 of 2003 in Jagraj Singh Mann v. CWT, Patiala another – Decided against the assessee †¦. †¦.. 04. 1993 for charging the wealth tax? iii) Whether the order is sustainable by not appreciating that as per Article 246 r. w. List-1 of 7th Scheduled Item No. 6 the tax on the capital value of agricultural lands can not be levied by the Parliament and hence the interpretation rendered is unconstitutional? † Learned counsel for the assessee fairly states that the matter is covered against the assessee by order of this Court dated 8. 9. 2003 in W. T. A. No. 1 of 2003 in Jagraj Singh Mann v. CWT, Patiala another. Accordingly, these appeals are dismissed. A photocopy of this order be placed on the file of each connected case. 2011 – TMI – 203338 – PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT Commissioner of Wealth Tax. Versus S/Shri Kulbir Singh Rajinder Singh. Assets u/c 2(ea)- The appeal of the Revenue by ignoring that under the provisions of section 2(ea) of the Wealth-tax Act the urban land is included in the definition of ‘assets’ w. e. f. 01. 04. 1993 and on merits the value of such urban land was taxable – The Assessing Officer included the agricultural†¦. †¦.. with the judgment of the Full Bench of this Court. 5. On merits, view has already been taken in favour of the revenue by order passed today in W. T. A. No. 31 of 2010 Tara Singh v. Commissioner of Wealth Tax etc. 6. In view of judgment of Full Bench of this Court in M/s Varindera Construction Co. Baghapurana, we are of the view that the impugned order of the Tribunal cannot be sustained and the same is set aside. The matter is remanded to the Tribunal for fresh decision on merits. It is made clear that if the assessee is aggrieved by this order, they will be at liberty to approach this Court. The appeal is disposed of. 2011 – TMI – 203319 – PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT Smt. Surinder Kaur. Versus The Commissioner of Wealth Tax another. Assets u/s 2(ea)- Agricultural Land of which agricultural operation were being carried out – Hence, the matter is covered against the assessee by order of this Court dated 8. . 2003 in Jagraj Singh Mann v. CWT, Patiala another – Accordingly, these appeals are dismissed†¦. †¦.. stantial question of law:- â€Å"i) Whether in the facts and circumstances of the case, the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal was right in law in holding that the Section 2(ea) of the Wealth Tax Act would include the Agricultura l Land of the Appellant of which agricultural operation were being carried out? † Learned counsel for the assessee fairly states that the matter is covered against the assessee by order of this Court dated 8. 9. 2003 in W. T. A. No. 1 of 2003 in Jagraj Singh Mann v. CWT, Patiala another. Accordingly, these appeals are dismissed. A photocopy of this order be placed on the file of each connected case. 2011 – TMI – 203253 – PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT Commissioner of Wealth Tax. Versus S/Shri Kulbir Singh Rajinder Singh. Assets u/s 2(ea)- The Assessing Officer included the agricultural land falling under the definition of ‘Urban land’ and ‘asset’ under Section 2(ea) for assessment under the Act – CIT(A) deleted the addition – ITAT refused to entertain the appeal on the ground that amount is small – Held that: – the†¦. †¦.. ith the judgment of the Full Bench of this Court. 5. On merits, view has already been taken in favour of the revenue by order passed today in W. T. A. No. 31 of 2010 Tara Singh v. Commissioner of Wealth Tax etc. 6. In view of judgment of Full Bench of this Court in M/s Varindera Construction Co. Baghapurana, we are of the view that the impugn ed order of the Tribunal cannot be sustained and the same is set aside. The matter is remanded to the Tribunal for fresh decision on merits. It is made clear that if the assessee is aggrieved by this order, they will be at liberty to approach this Court. The appeal is disposed of. 2011 – TMI – 203386 – DELHI HIGH COURT Commissioner of Wealth-tax Delhi-VI Versus Motor General Finance Ltd. Assessement – (a) Whether on the facts and circumstances of this case, is it mandatory to issue notice under section 16(5) of the Wealth-tax Act before passing best judgment assessment in case where return was not filed pursuant to notice under section 16(4) of the Act? (b) Whether no notice unde†¦. †¦.. f the relevant year has gone through various rounds of litigation before the authorities below because of no fault of the revenue. 2. In view of our above discussion we answer question (a) in the negative that where return was not filed pursuant to notice under section 16(4) of the Act, no further notice was mandatory under section 16(5) prior to passing of best judgment assessment. We answer the second question in affirmative in the sense that where notice under sub-section (4) of section 16 had already been is sued, no notice was required to be issued in view of second proviso to section 16(5). Both the appeals are disposed of accordingly. 011 – TMI – 203069 – DELHI HIGH COURT Commissioner of Wealth-tax Versus. Motor and General Finance Limited U/s 17 of the Wealth-tax Act, 1957 – The assessee is in receipt of amount from various properties and had shown rental receipts of Rs. 6,14,36,188 (assessment year 1997-98) and Rs. 2,34,18,846 (assessment 1998-99) – The assessee had not filed the wealth-tax returns for these years and there being t†¦. †¦.. levant year has gone through various rounds of litigation before the authorities below because of no fault of the Revenue. 22. In view of our above discussion we answer question (a) in the negative that where the return was not filed pursuant to notice under section 16(4) of the Act, no further notice was mandatory under section 16(5) prior to passing of best judgment assessment. We answer the second question in the affirmative in the sense that where notice under sub-section (4) of section 16 had already been issued, no notice was required to be issued in view of the second proviso to section 16(5). Both appeals are disposed of accordingly. 2011 – TMI – 202991 – ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT Commissioner Of Income Tax Versus Late Sri Salekh Chand Through Legal Heirs Smt. Uma Rani Ors Whether asset to be assessed in the hands of each of the co-owners separately and not in the hands of A. O. P. – similar questions were referred in Wealth Tax Reference No. 134 of 1999 which were answered in affirmative i. e. in favour of the assessee and against the Revenue – matter remanded to Tribuna†¦. †¦.. ) (b) of the W. T. Act are applicable in this case rather than Section 21-AA? 3.? Assessment Years 1986-1987 and 1987-1988? re involved in all these references. 4. The counsel for the parties also state that similar questions were referred in Wealth Tax Reference No. 134 of 1999 which were answered in affirmative i. e. in favour of the assessee and against the Revenue on 12. 7. 2007. 5. In view of the answer given therein, we also answer the questions referred to us in affirmative i. e. in favour of the assessee and against the Revenue. 6. Let our opinion be se nt back to the Tribunal for passing appropriate orders. 2011 – TMI – 203435 – PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT Commissioner of Wealth-tax Versus Shri Charanjit Singh (HUF) Agricultural land – beyond municipal limits – the land measuring 66 kanals 2 Maras is situated beyond the notified distance of 3 kms from municipal limit and as such it is not asset chargeable to wealth-tax with in the meaning of clause (ea) of section 2 †¦. †¦.. he CWT(A) and the Tribunal have concurrently recorded a finding of fact that the land in question was beyond the notified distance from the municipal limits, the fact remains that in the case of brother of the respondent-assessee, the revenue has accepted the finding of the CWT(A). . In view of above, we do not find any ground to hold the finding of the Tribunal to be perverse. The question No. 1 has, thus, to be answered against the revenue and in favour of the matter has been decided in favour of the assessee in the order mentioned above, the said question has also to be answered against the revenue. Accordingly, the appeal is dismissed. 2 011 – TMI – 203105 – HIMACHAL PRADESH HIGH COURT Commissioner of Wealth Tax Versus. M/s. H. P. Small Industries Export Corp. Assets u/s 2(ea) – The assessee which is the State Small Industries and Export Corporation was allotted some land by the State – The assessee constructed sheds on this land and rented out the same to industrialists – The Assessee in its return of income included the rents received on account of t†¦. †¦.. never raised before any of the authorities below and further more we are of the view that the words of clause (iii) of Section 2(ea) indicate that the house to be exempt must be in the occupation of the ssessee for the purpose of any business or profession carried on by him. Keeping in view the language of the Section it cannot be said that the assessee was in possession through the tenants. In view of the above discussion, the questions are answered in favour of the Revenue and against the Assessee. The order of the Tribunal is set-aside and the order of the Assessing Officer as confirmed by the Commissioner (Appeal) is restored. No costs. GANESANRAMAN CA FINAL CHENNAI How to cite Important Wealth Tax Cases Law for Ca Final Dt Nov 2011, Essay examples

Improvements Business Processes Operations-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Improvements Business Processes Operations? Answer: Introduction Oz Supermarket is a retail chain that has been set up in order to provide the customers with improved retail services to allow them to avoid long queues. The primary aim of every business unit is to provide its customers with excellent services and gain their trust and engagement as a result. There are various initiatives that have been taken by Oz Supermarket to enhance the customer experience. The report covers the suggestions to improve the business operations along with the customer service in association with Oz Supermarket. Overview of the Business Operations There are several initiatives that have been taken by Oz Supermarket to improve the flow of business operations and customer service. The retail chain deals in three product categories as household items, stationary and non-perishable goods. PayWave technology has been adopted in the organization for the customers. The customers having the PayWave card make use of the same to add or remove items for purchase and the special RFID readers are used to process the same. The customers need not to stand in the queues as the payment is automatically calculated and removed from the card. For the customers not having the card, a temporary card may be issued after the cash deposit at the entrance. The difference in the balance is paid at the time of the check-out. The retail chain has also installed the shopping summary stations in the store along with the RFID chips on every item for easy tracking. The car parks of the store are also timed as per the peak and non-peak periods. Recommendations for the Improvements in the Business Processes Supply Chain Management Systems Oz Supermarket retails in three categories of the products and there is a huge customer base that is associated with the store. In order to manage the entire set of the business processes along with flow of the supply chains, it is recommended to make use of automated supply chain management systems (Svensson, 2010). Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the process that involves the efficient management of the activities from supplier to the customer. It includes the management of inventories, logistics, shipping, distribution and procurement of the goods (Doran, 2004). There are several automated supply chain management systems that shall be implemented in the supermarket to avail the benefits as listed below: The system will allow maintenance of the product flow as per the demands of the customers and will therefore lead to minimal wastage. The material flow will also be improved with the installation and deployment of the supply chain management system in the retail store (Suvadarshini Prasad Roy, 2014). There will be a number of third parties that will be associated with the retail store and the system will ensure seamless flow of information (Fawcett, 2008). Data driven supply chain management system will also keep track of the real-time data and information which will lead to improvement of the flow of business activities. There are increased cash flows that are involved in the supply chains. The use of automated supply chain management systems will lead to enhancement of the financial flow. Transactional Six Sigma Transactional Six Sigma will lead to the improvement of the business processes by identification and mapping of the core processes. There will be following advantages provided to Oz Supermarket with the use of Transactional Six Sigma. The procedure will allow the reorganization of the opportunities and elimination of the defects in association with the customer complaints (Ray John, 2011). The process will lead to reduction and elimination of the wastes. The method will lead to the reduction of the process variation. The process will make use of the quality tools for better decision making and problem solving for Oz Supermarket (Kornfeld Kara, 2013). The use of transactional Six Sigma will also allow the business side to experience the ability to select better suppliers. Accounting Information Systems Accounting information systems (AIS) are the automated systems that are installed in order to improve upon the accounting activities and methods. Oz Supermarket shall also make use of accounting information systems to ensure that the accounting activities are streamlined. The following advantages will be provided to the retail store with the deployment of AIS in the organization. The speed of the accounting activities will be improved with the installation of AIS in the retail store. There are a lot many accounting activities such as invoice management, billing processes, PayWave card management, payroll tasks etc. that can be easily managed with the deployment of AIS. Cashless operations that will be enabled by the supermarket with the inclusion of PayWave technology would allow the customers to go cashless and experience the ease and flexibility that comes along with the same. AIS would keep a track of the cashless options and activities that will allow improved business flow and operations (Newton, 2017). There are many accounting processes that are involved in the retail store in terms of generation of sales revenues and many others as per the type of the products and the customers. AIS will manage the accounting activities with the aid of automated information systems (Hla, 2015). There are numerous security risks and attacks that are associated with every business unit. In case of the occurrence of such events, there may be deterioration of the brand image and customer oriented services. Accounting data is usually the data set that is targeted by most of the attackers. AIS comprising of latest tools and security frameworks will lead to the prevention and detection of the security attacks leading to improved customer satisfaction and engagement (Daoud, 2013). Accounting data will be easily used and accessed by many of the business executives. Technology is one of the most important tools that can be used by Oz Supermarket to improve upon the business operations and the flow of business activities. The use of supply chain management systems and accounting information systems has been suggested in order to implement the latest elements of technology in the retail store. It will lead to automated processing and management of the business activities and operations. Also, the use and adoption of transactional six-sigma will improve upon the quality of operations. The improvement of the quality of the business operations along with the functional aspects of the business activities will lead to the overall improvement of the flow of the business processes. Recommendations for the Improvement in the Customer Service Customers are the primary entities that are required to be managed by Oz Supermarket. It is necessary to ensure that the customer trust and satisfaction is gained in order to improve upon the overall business performance. There are several strategies and processes that may be adopted in order to achieve the same. Customer Feedback and Analysis Oz Supermarket has come up with a number of customer-centric approaches and activities to make sure that the customers are satisfied and gain a positive customer experience. However, the steps that are taken by the organization may be liked by a few and vice versa. It is necessary to understand the experience of the customers and collecting feedback from the customers is a constructive and easy approach to gain the same. Customer feedback shall be gained in the areas of ease of purchase, overall shopping experience, preference on the products and likewise. Also, there are a majority of the customers who do not wish to spend a lot of their time on providing the feedback. In order to gain the customer feedback in minimal time, there shall be touch-sensitive screens installed in the store to ask for the feedback. The customers shall be provided with the ability to provide the feedback by answering a few feedback questions by pressing the buttons on the screen. The responses shall be recorded and stored in the database (Keramati, Shirkouhi, Moshki Berneti, 2010). Cashless society is one of the primary aims of the Australian Government in the current times. The customers would also wish to have the payment measures to allow them to contribute in the objective of the Government. PayWave technology is one of the measures that have already been included in the organization. The feedback from the customers would allow the implementation of more of such methods and measures. The feedback that will be provided by the customers shall then by analyzed using the data analytics tools and processes. There are a number of automated data analytics tools that are available that shall be used in order to analyze the customer feedback. It will lead to the revelation of the patterns and trends associated with the customer purchase and preference. The comments provided by the customers in the feedback process shall then be included to improve upon the business processes and activities to enhance the areas. Product Quality Review Quality is one of the most significant parameters that are associated with any of the business units. The quality of the products that are provided by the retail chain shall be maintained and also improved so as to provide the customers with the excellent quality products. Reviews and inspections are the important procedures that may be used to improve upon the product quality. The retail chain deals in three products categories as household, stationary and non-perishable goods. There are quality guidelines that are associated with each of the product categories that shall be met and there are additional quality parameters that may be achieved for the improvement of the same. The organization must form a team of reviewers and auditors comprising of internal staff members along with external quality inspectors to execute the task with utmost perfection. The review process shall include the detailed inspection of the quality guidelines that are met and the ones that are missed. There shall also be recommendation provided by the team to improve upon the quality and the measures that may be taken for the same. There shall be reporting tools that shall be used by the review and audit teams to keep a track of the reviews that are conducted and their respective results. Every review that is conducted must also verify the issues that are pointed out in the previous process to validate that the recommended actions are taken. Customer Relationship Management System Customer feedback is one of the activities that may be conducted to improve upon the relationship and engagement with the customers. However, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems are the systems that are automated in nature and can be implemented to carry out a lot many customer-oriented activities and processes (Khodakarami Chan, 2014). There are a lot of decisions and strategies that are associated with the Oz Supermarket in association with the customer purchase and experience. It becomes difficult to form such decisions and track all of the customer data for the same (Haas, 2002). The deployment of a CRM system will ensure that the customer preferences are analyzed through the entire customer lifecycle and the relationship with the customer is improved. It will provide the following set of benefits to the organization. Oz Supermarket will like to enhance its customer base and will also want the existing customers to have excellent experiences. The installation of CRM system will lead to the discovery of the new customers by creating strategies and decisions as per the customer needs and preferences (Bull, 2010). There are specific choices and preferences that are associated with every customer. The deployment of a CRM system will allow easy analysis and tracking of the customer choices and preferences (Tekin, 2013). It will also allow the organization to form a better communication channel with the customers and will also lead to the resolution of their queries and complaints. The revenues and profitability associated with the organization will also improve (Kevork Vrechopoulos, 2008). The organization will be able to take better decisions in terms of the quality parameters to be used along with the strategies that shall be adopted. It will lead to the improvement of the customer satisfaction and engagement (Roberts-Lombard, 2012). Conclusion Customer engagement and satisfaction are the two prime parameters that shall be attained by the organization. There shall be steps that shall be taken by the organization to make sure that the customer experience is improved and is maintained as well. Oz Supermarket has taken many steps to enhance decision making and problem solving in the organization. Use of strategies such as gathering of customer feedback, installation of customer relationship management system along with product quality review shall be used to improve upon the customer service. Along with the customer service, there are further steps that shall be adopted in order to improve the business processes and operations. The amalgamation of these strategies will lead to the overall improvement of the business tasks and activities. It will also lead to the improvement of the revenues and market share of the organization along with the expansion of the customer base. References Bull, C. (2010). Customer relationship management (CRM) systems, intermediation and disintermediation: the case of INSG. Strategic Direction, 26(8). https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd.2010.05626had.007 Daoud, H. (2013). Accounting Information Systems in an ERP Environment and Tunisian Firm Performance. Retrieved 9 August 2017, from https://www.uhu.es/ijdar/10.4192/1577-8517-v13_1.pdf Doran, D. (2004). Rethinking the supply chain: an automotive perspective. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 9(1), 102-109. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540410517610 Fawcett, S. (2008). Benefits, barriers, and bridges to effective supply chain management. Retrieved 8 August 2017, from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.726.1197rep=rep1type=pdf Haas, A. (2002). Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Controlling, 14(3), 189-190. https://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0935-0381-2002-3-189 Hla, D. (2015). Efficiency of Accounting Information System and Performance Measures Literature Review. Retrieved 8 August 2017, from https://ijmcr.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Paper11976-984.pdf Keramati, A., Shirkouhi, S., Moshki, H., Berneti, E. (2010). A hierarchical structure to evaluate risk of customer relationship management (CRM) projects. International Journal Of Electronic Customer Relationship Management, 4(2), 97. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijecrm.2010.031861 Kevork, E., Vrechopoulos, A. (2008). Research insights in electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM): a review of the literature (2000-2006). International Journal Of Electronic Customer Relationship Management, 2(4), 376. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijecrm.2008.021106 Khodakarami, F., Chan, Y. (2014). Exploring the role of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in customer knowledge creation. Information Management, 51(1), 27-42. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2013.09.001 Kornfeld, B., Kara, S. (2013). Selection of Lean and Six Sigma projects in industry. International Journal Of Lean Six Sigma, 4(1), 4-16. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20401461311310472 NewtonRay, S., John, B. (2011). Lean Six Sigma application in business process outsourced organization. International Journal Of Lean Six Sigma, 2(4), 371-380. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20401461111189443 Roberts-Lombard, M. (2012). Exploring the relationship between trust, commitment and customer loyalty through the intervening role of customer relationship management (CRM). African Journal Of Business Management, 6(10). https://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajbm11.2562 Suvadarshini, A., Prasad Roy, G. (2014). Supply Chain Management in OMFED-Creating Values through White Channels: A Case Study. Journal Of Business And Management Sciences, 2(3A), 33-40. https://dx.doi.org/10.12691/jbms-2-3a-5 Svensson, G. (2010). Teleological approaches in supply chain management: illustrations. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 15(1), 16-20. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598541011018094 Tekin, M. (2013). Critical Success Factors for a Customer Relationship Management Strategy. Mediterranean Journal Of Social Sciences. https://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n10p753

Structure and outline strategies for admission essay writing

To successfully get  admission in college or university of your choices, you need to successfully overcome several factors like college admission exam, admission essay perhaps or may be higher place  in extracurricular activities. In some institutions   Admission Essay is compulsory to get in to the desired institution. Writing an effective admission essay  decide whether you are eligible for admission, it directly influence the chances of your admission. While structuring the essay writing, some of the steps you must need to identify such as; You have to see which field of the study you actually want to follow in college. This decision can be made by doing a research about the field you would opt for. The admission essay may indicate the majors you want to take during the course. Create a list of reasons that describes why you want to attend any college. This will help you organize your thoughts when you start writing each essay. Ideally, the essay should have 3-5 key reasons why you chose to apply for school. Constructing the structure of your essay should include outline. The outline must consist of introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction must identify the academic and the field which you are applying for. The document body should involve logic or reason that you may list during brainstorming session. In the end, the conclusion must reaffirm and summarize the rest of your essay. Writing the first draft of the essay may include anecdotal stories from your life which demonstrate how you come to decide on your career goals. This will definitely put some kind of good personality in the essay. After you have finished the essay, you should ask someone to proofread or reread it if essential. Below you can find an outline for the essay Paragraph 1 (Why you are applying for) Paragraph 2 (Logic reason) Paragraph 3 (summarize your essay)

Stalins Rise to Power essays

Stalins Rise to Power essays Stalin first became interested in politics when as a theology student; he began reading illegal the works of political philosopher Karl Marx. He eventually gave up his religious education to devote his time to the revolutionary movement against the Russian monarchy. After becoming involved in the movement, Stalin joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. When the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party split into the Menshevik and Bolshevik factions, Stalin was drawn to the more militant Bolsheviks, who were led by Vladimir Lenin. Upon the Bolsheviks upheaval of the monarchy, Stalin became an active member of the new government and held many different influential positions. He was eventually elected a member of the Communist Partys highest decision making body, the Politurbo, and the Central Committees Orgburo (Organizational Bureau). The Orgburo supervised the work of local party committees. It was the next body in the Communist Party hierarchy after the Politurbo. In 1922, after Lenin suffered a stroke, Stalin was elected general secretary of the Communist Party, a position that gave him control over appointments and established a base for his political power. Stalins aggressive behavior brought him into conflict with Lenin, who shortly before his death wrote a testament in which he voiced misgivings about Stalin. Basically the testament expressed Lenins doubt that Stalin would use his authority with sufficient caution. In the testament, he called for Stalins removal from the post of general secretary. Through political maneuvering, Stalin was able to discount and suppress Lenins testament, as well as join with Kamenev and Zinoviev to gain control of the party. Stalins main reason for the collaborating with Kamenev and Zinoviev was to form a strong opposition against Trotsky, who was Sta ...

Chaucers Justinus and Placebo

Why do you think Chaucer includes Justinus and a placebo? What is the contribution of the latter discussion to the entire story? There are many factors gathered by the readers to keep the readers away from the characters in the story, especially from the complex and ambiguous series of shots they are seeing. They are all smaller or larger types or allegories. Justinus and Placebo are anthropomorphic allegories representing abstract attributes of good proposals and bad suggestions. It is derived from satirical and contemporary recommendations of the courts. There, there is told the recipient, usually the Prince, how to choose good counselors and avoid compelling their motivation as their own progress. In January, Discussion (1474) between two friends, placebo and Justinas announced that he decided to marry his soul (1400-1405). Now, this so-called controversy has brought about a sarcastic existence that existed since marriage debate, but businessmen - and some commentators - did not f ully know this, and he was one of his goals It is one. Basically speaking, there is no discussion about debate about marriage, and hoolynesse or dotage which is a substitute for merchants in this case includes a distinction without distinction. When placebo praised the decision of January (1478 - 1518), Justinus warned him that he should not hurry to do a tough and dangerous deal (1521 - 65), and they correctly won January The concept of marriage was defined. A sanctified way for men to meet (status). Betting is more like steak than old beef (1420) Like Justinus, as I pointed out already, I cite Bath's wife ironically, but Justinus is not worthy to argue against (1655ff.), But readers like Justinus may think unknown. Institution (1685) - 87) In fact, however, the issue of two blessings in January is a true theological problem in the 14th century. Dante discussed this in the fourth article of De Monarchia and Convivio The most authoritative index of the 13th century is the tradition of Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas and of course also included in his two paradises. Medium, the land of Plugatrio and the land next to it. Indeed, from a traditional theologian's point of view, January stated the problem in the wrong way as he began with an irrational premise - Justin tried to destroy him - the marriage is a perfect Earth We guaranteed happiness The manuscript of Diodorus ceased at the end of the 4th century BC and the surviving sources became very fragmented. For a continuous story, we have to go to the epic of Pompeius Trogus by the later Latin writers Justinus, but his explanation is relatively short, contemporary readers tell us the sequence of events he describes It may confuse. In the absence of a satisfactory continuous record Plutarch 's parallel life provides important insights into some of the most influential figures of the era: Dmitryus, Pirhus, Alatus, Ajis and Clemens. Plutarch has often been pointed out as a biographer, not a historian - but when he wrote his life he examined various modern history.

Computers and the law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Computers and the law - Essay Example An attempt to address these problems in the Act was implemented in controversial amendments, which came into force in October 2008 through the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2006 . With regard to the unauthorised access and attempted intrusions this could constitute an offence under the Act of the conduct satisfies the requirements as follows: 1) Unauthorised access to computer material (Section 1 of the Act); 2) Access to computer material without authorisation with intent to commit or assist the commission of offences (Section 2 of the Act); and 3) Modification of computer data without authorisation (Section 3 of the Act). With regard to the current factual scenario, it is evident that there have been attempts to hack the Macrobox system without success so far. Accordingly, whilst there has clearly been an intention to commit the office, there does not appear to have been actual access to the computer system or computer material. ... Accordingly, if we apply this to the current scenario, whilst the access to Macrobox’s computer and servers were not successful, the attempt to hack will constitute a criminal offence under Section 3 of the Act. With regard to potential penalties, the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2006 provides for criminal liability on the following basis to be included in the Act for the Section 3 offence: 1. On summary conviction a prison sentence of up to 12 months and a fine not exceeding the statutory minimum; or 2. On conviction on indictment, imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years or a fine or both (Section 36(6) of the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2006). Additionally, as the forum users have been trying to encourage others to hack Macrobox, this also potentially falls within incitement offences, which have now been removed from the Act and inserted into the inchoate offences section of the Serious Crime Act 2007. Furthermore, it is important to highlight that the encoura gement on online forums to hack Macrobox’s computer systems could also constitute a potential offence under the Terrorism Act 2000. Section 2(e) of the Terrorism Act provides that an act of terrorism includes any act which is â€Å"designed seriously to interfere with or seriously disrupt an electronic system† if the act is undertaken with the objective of furthering a political, religious or ideological cause. In the current scenario, it is evident that the attempts to hack and interfere with Macrobox’s computer systems and servers were as a result of the disclosure on public forums that Macrobox is a major software supplier for Staffordshire

Seizures and school nurse Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Seizures and school nurse - Dissertation Example In line with this, the Epilepsy Foundation (2011) has recently reported that there are as much as 120,000 individuals below the age of 18 years old are going through seizure and that between 75,000 to 100,000 of these young people are experiencing seizure attacks are under the age of 5 years old. On top of this figures, approximately 326,000 school-age children are suffering from epilepsy at the age of 15 years old (ibid). Considering the number of school-age students who may anytime go through seizure attack, this report will focus on describing how the school nurse should function as the coordinator of epileptic students in school and within the community circle. To allow the readers gain better understanding about this subject matter, the etiology of epilepsy, its presenting signs and symptoms, and the appropriate medical treatment, medication and its side-effects. Eventually, a literature review will be conducted to determine the best educational accommodations available to the s tudents including the organizations or special support that should be made available to epileptic students and parents based on the students concerns as they progresses through elementary, middle, and high school years of education will be explored in details. Literature Review Etiology of the Disease Etiology of epilepsy is multi-factoral by nature. Even though one can be more predominant than the other, there are some studies suggesting that the main causes of epilepsy are mostly combined genetic factors, developmental factors (i.e. birth asphyxia, malformation of the cortical or vascular development), or diseases that are often associated with epilepsy (i.e. neurodegenerative disorder, CNS infection, tumor, autoimmune disorders, hippocampal sclerosis, idiopathic generalized epilepsy, cerebrovascular diseases, cryptogenic) (Shorvon, Andermann, & Guerrini, 2011, p. 113; Silva, 2009; Wyllie, Gupta, & Lachhwani, 2005, p. 348, 351; Maudgil, 2003, p. 3). Aside from inheritable health c onditions like tuberous sclerosis, metabolic syndrome or chromosomal aberration; patients with history of alcoholism, head injury or head trauma, stroke, or the presence of vascular diseases could also trigger epilepsy (Shorvon, Andermann, & Guerrini, 2011, pp. 114 – 115; Wyllie, Gupta, & Lachhwani, 2005, p. 351). Presenting Signs and Symptoms In general, the presenting signs and symptoms of epilepsy includes: loss of consciousness or confused memory, fainting followed by excessive fatigue, excessive involuntary body movements of the arms and legs, the loss of muscle tone or movement, disturbances in the patient’s mood, behavior, sensation and perception (Silva, 2009). In case the student is going through a simple partial seizure, Silva (2009, p. 33) revealed that the school nurse should be able to observe â€Å"visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, or vertiginous misperception or hallucinations†. In line with this, the student may show signs of finger or hand shaking or the uncontrollable jerking of the mouth (Wagner et al., 2009). In some cases, the student may end up talking without any sense or complain about dizziness, unpleasant sights, odors, sounds, or taste in case the patient is still conscious. In case the stud

An Examination Of The Determinants Of Succes Essay Example for Free

An Examination Of The Determinants Of Succes Essay INTRODUCTION __ POS nowadays is a basic need for business transactions. It helps in such a way that it makes work more progressive and productive.It is important that every company to have a POS because it helps a lot in many ways such as organizing, storing, computing, and manipulating data. Having a computer programs may help a lot because almost all the companies nowadays uses computer literate and very competitive in many aspects. ___ Point of Sale is a program where a retail transaction is completed. It is a point at which a customer makes a payment to the merchant in exchange for foods beverages. ___ uses Point of Sale System of facilitating every transactions made and to keep all records. THE MANAGEMENT OF KNOWLEDGE IN A CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT: AN EXAMINATION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF SUCCESS Scott A. Burger May 2003 Economics Abstract As the focus on human capital and information technology intensifies within firms, an understanding of how to harness these two trends is increasingly important. This study examines how competitive advantage and higher firm performance depend on the presence of five moderating factors, not dollars spent on information technology. These moderating factors, identified in previous research, are: 1) Information Procurement and Dissemination, 2) Absorptive Capacity, 3) Cross-Functional Communication, 4) Culture and 5) Organization Assessment and Information Technology Strategy Review. Using a two-firm case study methodology, I analyze the presence or absence of these moderating factors in knowledge initiatives at Sun Microsystems and Lockheed Martin Corporation. The empirical evidence gathered from these cases supports the argument that the presence of moderating factors is critical for successful knowledge management implementation. KEYWORDS: (Knowledge Management, Information Technology, Moderating Factors Sun Microsystems, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Case Study, Qualitative Research)

The legalization of Hemp has significant medicinal and industrial value. :: essays research papers fc

The legalization of Hemp has significant medicinal and industrial value. From high schools to college campuses, marijuana can be seen just about everywhere. It is quite easy for a parent to jump to horrid conclusions upon hearing the word â€Å"marijuana.† What is unfortunate is that the majority lack true knowledge of marijuana for its practical purposes and the relevance it has had in ancient history. There are far more constructive and legal uses for marijuana other than for experiencing euphoria. For the past forty decades, many have protested for marijuana to be legalized as a drug for its medicinal uses and strength as an industrial product. Marijuana is formulated from a seed known as Hemp (cannabis sativa) which is a widely cultivated Asian herb of the mulberry family (Merriam-Webster). Hemp was an integral part of earlier lifestyles treating such ailments as gout, malaria, gas pains and nausea. Page 2 Hemp fibers and oils were used to make different kinds of fabric including clothing, rope and sails. There is no disputing that hemp is extremely versatile in its uses and it’s hard not to question why society cannot "milk it for what it's worth." With our country’s economy and natural resources suffering, it is imperative that alternate industrial solutions be found. Politicians and society love to keep the petty discussions of getting "high† floating around to keep hemp from being legalized. The argument being if it were legalized there would be a highly significant increase in use, especially among the younger generations. However, alcohol, another horribly misused substance, is perfectly legal (to those of appropriate age), has no significant industrial value and showed a decrease in use upon legalization. It has also been proven to cause more damage than hemp giving the conclusion that there are far more benefits from hemp than alcohol. The only legal use of hemp found today is medicinal. Hemp is used in cases of terminally ill cancer and glaucoma patients who suffer from chronic pain. Although far from being a cure, it helps relieve eye pressure caused by glaucoma. Research also indicates that hemp eases the nausea and vomiting cancer patients experience during chemotherapy.

Scope Limitation

ScopeThe scope of the study refers to the parameters under which the study will be operating. The problem you seek to resolve will fit within certain parameters. Think of the scope as the domain of your research—what’s in the domain, and what is not. You need to make it as clear as possible what you will be studying and what factors are within the accepted range of your study. For example, if you are studying the ill effects of bullying on middle school children, the scope could include both face-to-face bullying and cyber-bullying in grades 6 through 8.LimitationsLimitations are matters and occurrences that arise in a study which are out of the researcher's control. They limit the extensity to which a study can go, and sometimes affect the end result and conclusions that can be drawn. Every study, no matter how well it is conducted and constructed, has limitations. This is one of the reasons why we do not use the words â€Å"prove† and â€Å"disprove† wit h respect to research findings. It is always possible that future research may cast doubt on the validity of any hypothesis or conclusion from a study. Your study might have access to only certain people in an organization, certain documents, and certain data. These are limitations. Subsequent studies may overcome these limitations.Limitations of Qualitative StudiesA limitation associated with qualitative study is related to validity and reliability. â€Å"Because qualitative research occurs in the natural setting it is extremely difficult to replicate studies† (Wiersma, 2000, p. 211). When you select certain methodologies and designs, for example phenomenology, they come with limitations over which you may have little control.Limitations of Case StudiesWe cannot make causal inferences from case studies, because we cannot rule out alternative explanations. It is always unclear about the generality of the findings of a case study. A case study involves the behavior of one pers on, group, or organization. The behavior of this one unit of analysis may or may not reflect the behavior of similar entities. Case studies may be suggestive of what may be found in similar organizations, but additional research would be needed to verify whether findings from one study would generalize elsewhere.Limitations of Correlational StudiesCorrelational research merely demonstrates that we can predict the behavior of one variable from the behavior of another variable. If a relationship exists then there is an association between variables. However, two variables can be associated without there being a causal relationship between the variables. If we find that X is associated with Y, it could mean that X caused Y, or Y caused X, or some â€Å"third† (confounding) variable caused both X and Y without there being any causal relationship between X and Y.Correlational research may also have limitations with respect to the generality of the findings. Perhaps the study invol ved a specific group of people, or that the relationship between the variables was only investigated under some situation or circumstance. Thus, it may be uncertain whether the correlational findings will generalize to other people or situations.Limitations of Randomized ExperimentsExperiments involving the random assignment of participants to conditions sometimes allow us to make causal conclusions if the variables that are manipulated are not confounded with other variables. Experiments gain rigor by controlling for influences outside of the variables of interest. However, there still may be limitations with respect to the generality of the findings.The experiment may have involved a specific group of people, certain situations, and only some of the possible conceptualizations of variables. Thus, we may not know whether the findings will generalize to other people, situations, or conceptualizations of the variables. Within  particular bounds, significant findings from an experim ental study may infer a general cause, but the presence of other unmeasured variables can limit that inference.Limitations of Survey InstrumentsSurveys that are distributed with time constraints were noted by Delva, Kirby, Knapper, and Birtwhistle (2002) as problematic in that people who struggle with real or perceived time constraints are less likely to respond to surveys because these possible respondents feel overworked – they just do not have the time to complete the survey. Surveys often also suffer the limitation of forcing respondents into particular response categories, thereby limiting the range of responses. Unlike an interview, where respondents can ask clarifying questions, respondents are usually limited to the text in the survey itself for direction about how to complete it and where to respond.DelimitationsThe delimitations of a study are those characteristics that arise from limitations in the scope of the study (defining the boundaries) and by the conscious e xclusionary and inclusionary decisions made during the development of the study plan. Unlike limitations, which flow from implicit characteristics of method and design, delimitations result from specific choices by the researcher. Among these are the choice of objectives and questions, variables of interest, the choice of theoretical perspectives that were adopted, the paradigm (qualitative/quantitative/mixed), the methodology, the theoretical framework and the choice of participants.The first delimiting step is the choice of problem, implying that there were other, related problems that could have been chosen but were rejected or screened off from view. To elucidate the delimitations of your study review each decision you had to make in putting together your study. In your purpose statement you declare what your study intends to accomplish. In the delimitations section you can repeat this declaration along with a pronouncement of what the study does not intend to cover. In the latt er case, your decisions for excluding certain pursuits are likely based on such  criteria as not directly relevant; too problematic because†¦; not feasible and the like. Make this reasoning as explicit as possible.

Marketing/Communications Aflac Duck Campaign

State of the Industry Paper Aflac Duck Campaign Introduction One company which has had success over the last decade is American Family Life Assurance Company or more commonly known as Aflac (duck voice). Historically, Aflac was a pretty successful company but they were still missing that one piece to make them recognizable. That one thing the company needed was a face and they found it when they launched their Aflac Duck Campaign. In this paper, the Duck campaign strategy will be discussed along with the history of Aflac, target audience and competition of Aflac, and the successful outcome of the campaign.History The American Family Life Assurance Company was founded in Columbus, Georgia by three brothers, John, Paul, and Bill Amos in 1955. Three years later, the company had their first big plan which was developing a cancer expense policy. Several years afterward, Aflac expanded by adding numerous diverse policies to cover accidents, dental, disability, hospital care, and other heal th events. In the 1960s, Aflac thrived on making presentations to companies with large groups of employees. Today, the overwhelming majority (96%) of Aflac’s policies are bought at work through a payroll-deduction basis.Later in the 1970s, Aflac continued its success by expanding into the Japan market. Aflac was only the third American company to sell insurance in Japan. This has proved to very successful since today, Japan is about three-quarters (75%) of the company’s revenue. Aflac continued to do well through the 1980s and into the 1990s and named a new CEO, Daniel Amos, in 1990. Under the newly appointed CEO, Aflac become a Fortune 100 best company to work in the United States in 2000. Overall the company had taken shape beautifully in its history.It was the largest provider of renewable insurance in the US and it was also the largest provider in Japan (History 2012). So what is the problem? Daniel Amos wanted to change one thing about his company and that was bra nd awareness. Despite the success, after initiating name awareness ad campaign in the United States Aflac the name recognition for Aflac came back at 2%. After various attempts to get the company recognized â€Å"The Duck† debuted on New Year’s Day in 2000 (Amos 2010). â€Å"The Duck† â€Å"We had to do something dramatic,† stated Aflac CEO Daniel Amos in a Harvard Business Review (Amos 2010).In the late 1990s, Aflac began listening to agencies pitch ideas for new television advertisements. One agency, Kaplan Thaler Group, was in a meeting tossing around ideas and they themselves were having a tough time remembering the name of the company. Amos explains, â€Å"One day, one of them asked, ‘What’s the name of the account we’re pitching? ’ A colleague replied, ‘It’s Aflac-Aflac-Aflac—Aflac. ’ Someone said that he sounded like a duck, and the idea was born† (Amos 2010). During testing of the differ ent advertisements, Kaplan Thaler ad scored 50% than what Aflac was previously doing.Amos liked that the commercial pointed fun at the company’s name (Amos 2010). When Daniel Amos tried explaining the ad to others they simply did not understand the reasoning behind it. The first Aflac Duck debuted on CNN on New Year’s Day in 2000 (Amos 2010). The bit ran four times an hour. From this point on the rest was history. The first day the commercial aired, Aflac had more visits to their website than the entire year before. Weeks later, the company was getting requests for stuffed animal versions of the duck (Amos 2010).Months later, Amos describes an event at Disney Studios that Aflac was sponsoring. â€Å"We didn’t know whether it would be a good idea to put ducks on all the tables†¦.. I was just watching to see if ducks were left on the tables,† said Amos. This next encounter confirmed Amos had found what he had been looking for. â€Å"I spotted the head of Disney Studios with a bulge under his jacket. When I jokingly asked him what was going on, he said, ‘I want you to understand that Donald is always king around here. But I want to take one home to my kids† (Amos 2010).Daniel Amos had found a dark horse. A duck quacking out the name of his company with various celebrities repeatedly asking for the company name was his winner. â€Å"The Duck† had been born. Target Audience Aflac believed it needed the duck to attract more of their target audience. With the company’s cancer expense services there was not much more room for growth from that audience. That audience is the 35 to 54 year old age group because most of the company’s policies came from business groups. Since Aflac was trying to make a push in selling more policies regarding accident nd liability insurances, they wanted to reach out more to families and attract new customers. Since many other insurance companies offer pretty much the same i nsurance policies Aflac needed a way to stick out (Sunset 2008). This is where the duck comes in. Competition Insurance is always a buyer’s market because everybody wants to have coverage and be protected from accidents, liabilities, health, and other events. Aflac offered similar services to its competing insurance companies such as Citizens Financial Corporation, Conseco Incorporated, and Amerisafe Incorporated.In a tough industry, Aflac had a hard time selling policies outside of their corporate base that they had already built years prior (Sunset 2008). They needed a way to leapfrog the competition. This where the duck comes in. Marketing Strategy behind â€Å"The Duck† As mentioned previously, the Kaplan Thaler Group (KTG) was responsible for creating the pitch idea for â€Å"The Duck. † KTG had developed their own advertising model called â€Å"Big Bang. † KTG’s website describes a â€Å"Bang† as, â€Å"†¦creates brand experience s and connections resulting in deep relationships† (Thaler).Aflac was looking for that deep relationship with consumers so they could be recognized. All the initial spots for Aflac comprised of one central theme. It turned the company’s weakness, a difficult name, into its strength by making that most of the campaign’s humor (Sunset 2008). In all the early advertisements, it started with a small group of discussing a recent accident or trying to decide what insurance company they should buy policies from. In both spots, the people cannot recall the name of an insurance company, the duck pops up and quacks, â€Å"Aflac! This happens continuously throughout the commercial typically with the duck doing something humorous in the background. When people watched more and more of these commercials they already knew what they were getting and that was Aflac. The name became instantly memorized because of the repetition the commercial provided. Looking at the ads, there are several examples of tactics discussed from class. As discussed in Day 12 of lecture, just the foundation of distraction played a role in the commercials. Using the humor of the duck repeating the company name distracted you from what the company s trying to sell but you remembered the name and it made you interested in what the company was. Also from Day 12, the commercial displays the elaboration likelihood model. The level of elaboration is low thus leads the viewers to view the message peripherally. Now since the viewers understand this peripherally they are not taking logic, information, or rational thinking into account. They are viewing it as humorous, which in the Aflac advertisements sparked a change in attitude because immediately the company was more recognized.People accepted the position of the message, the name recognition, probably due to how it was spoken to them and who was saying it. A duck quacking the company name to you repeatedly is easy to remember. Also, p eople had the ability to process the message of name recognition because now that it had a symbol/face it was so easy to remember. Now that the marketing strategies behind â€Å"The Duck† have been revealed, it is easy to understand why there were immediate results. Outcomes/Results As previously mentioned, the day Aflac aired their first â€Å"Duck† commercial; they had more visits to their website that day than the previous year.In the first two weeks of the first year (2000), the company had more sales leads than in 1998 and 1999 combined. In the second quarter of the first year, the company had a record quarter of $168 million in sales (Sunset 2008). In the first year of â€Å"The Duck† in the United States, sales went up 29%. In three years, sales were doubled (Amos 2010). For the first time ever accident/disability insurance swapped with cancer-expense insurance for the company’s number one product (Sunset 2008). Also in the third year, Daniel Amosà ¢â‚¬â„¢s goal was met. Aflac achieved 94% brand awareness.The new account growth increased 10% and the mid-sized business accounts increased 20% (Kaplan Case Study). In 2008, Aflac’s two main markets, USA and Japan, had combined revenue of $16. 6 billion, which is almost double the revenue from the last year (1999) without â€Å"The Duck† (Amos 2010). Aflac has also been named a Fortune 100 Best Company to Work For over the last fourteen years. Aflac was also named on Fortune 500’s list for Best Company overall (Corporate Report 2012). In 2010, Aflac was the number one preferred voluntary insurance carrier (Kaplan Case Study).These results speak for themselves and Aflac is not slowing down. â€Å"The Duck† is everywhere. Looking at Aflac’s website, there are numerous ducks on each page. Aflac is one of the main sponsor’s for NASCAR driver Carl Edwards, who has a giant ducks all around his car. â€Å"The Duck† makes an appearance yearl y in the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade. Aflac has become a mainstay in the world of college football by sponsoring The Heisman Trophy and â€Å"The Duck† often makes appearances with â€Å"The Aflac Trivia Question. † Aflac also makes appearances with the National Football League and Major League Baseball (Aflac Homepage). The Duck† has met some stars over the years as well such as Chevy Chase, Yogi Berra, Yao Ming, the 2004 United States Olympic Swim Team, and even cartoon characters Bugs Bunny and fellow duck, Daffy. Over time, â€Å"The Duck† has also appeared on â€Å"The Tonight Show† and â€Å"Saturday Night Live† (Sunset 2008). â€Å"The Duck† has garnered several awards itself. In 2004, â€Å"The Duck† was named one of the country’s favorite advertising figures (Press Release 2004) and was an original member of the Advertising Walk of Fame (Sunset 2008). Also, a two time Gold Effe Winner (2002 & 2004), Web by Award for Best Web. Com (2010), and People’s Voice Award Winner. The Duck† also had a higher Q Score, which measures familiarity, than Ronald McDonald and the Energizer Bunny (Kaplan Case Study). Aflac does not plan on slowing down this phenomenon either with their newest Duck campaign, â€Å"Get the Alfacts. † Conclusion In conclusion, it should be obvious that the Aflac Duck was one of the most successful campaigns in the past few decades. The company had a great start with their good long history but it just needed that final push. The marketing strategy put in place by Kaplan Thaler Group and Aflac was well put together and they created the company symbol they wanted. The Duck† was able to target the audience, beat out the competition, and get the results Aflac was looking for. When Ms. Kaplan Thaler was asked if the duck will begin saying more than â€Å"Aflac,† she replied, â€Å"That’s going to be up to him. Right now, the Aflacts s peak for themselves† (Elliott 2009). References Sunset, B. (2008, January 28). The Aflac Duck Campaign. Retrieved from http://marketing-case-studies. blogspot. com/2008/01/aflac-duck-2000-campaign. html Amos, D. (2010). How I Did It: Aflac's CEO Explains How He Fell For The Duck. Retrieved from http://www. nternationalistmagazine. com/AflacsCEO. pdf Case Studies Kaplan Thaler. Retrieved from http://kaplanthaler. com/clients/case_studies Thaler, L. , Thaler, R. BANG! Getting Your Message Heard in a Noisy World. Retrieved from http://www. thepowerofsmallbook. com/index. php/other Abbey, R. (2010). Encouraging Animal Advertisers to Pay for the Use of Animal Images: A Voluntary Certification Approach. Retrieved from http://sjalp. stanford. edu/pdfs/Abbey. pdf Elliott, S. (2009, April 21). Not Daffy or Donald, but Still Aflac’s Rising Star. Retrieved from http://www. ytimes. com/2009/04/22/business/media/22adco. html? _r=1;scp=2;sq=Aflac;st=cse (2012). Aflac 2012 Corporate C itizenship Report. Retrieved from http://www. aflac. com/us/en/docs/investors/CSRReport. pdf (2012). Aflac History. Retrieved from http://www. aflac. com/aboutaflac/corporateoverview/history. aspx (2004, September 20). Aflac Press Release. Retrieved from http://www. aflac. com/aboutaflac/pressroom/pressreleasestory. aspx? rid=616598 (2012). Aflac Homepage. Retrieved from http://www. aflac. com/aboutaflac/corporateoverview/missionandvalues. aspx

buy custom The Criminal Is a Child essay

buy custom The Criminal Is a Child essay A variety of social, political, and economic problems of the U.S. have combined and transformed into unfavorable traits of contemporary children and teenagers. Young people who spend most of their time in front of the TV where scenes of crimes and violence are depicted follow such destructive behaviors even if their parents try to encourage positive behaviors. As a result, the community has faced a rising wave of crimes committed by children. This work is aimed at discussing this topic and showing that punishing children, as well as punishing a particular child will not solve the problem. Children who committed crimes should not be punished similarly to adults because it does not fulfil the aims of criminal justice. According to the Human Rights Watch (2005), There are at least 2,225 child offenders serving life without parole sentences in U.S. prisons for crimes committed before they were age 18. The statistics shows that among the criminals who are now adults 16 percent were aged 13-15 at the time they committed crimes. 59 percent of them were sentenced to life without parole for their first-ever criminal conviction (Human Rights Watch, 2005). The laws of forty-two states allow sentencing children to serving life sentence without parole. Once current situation concerning children-criminals is analyzed, it is worth discussing the role of the criminal justice system in the U.S. In general, functions of the criminal justice may be divided into two dimensions: punishing criminals and preventing future crimes in order to protect citizens. The ones who are guilty should u ndeniably be punished according to the criminal law; however, punishment should not be muddled up with revenge. It is impossible to compensate harm caused by children-criminals and to turn back time. Nevertheless, if children are sentenced to life without parole in an American prison, negative consequences of their conduct wil be doubled. Criminal justice, which aims to re-rear criminals and prevent similar crimes, will not reach its purposes in the current situation: via sentencing children as adults, childrens lives will be destroyed in prisons. After they spend their sentence in prison, they will have to live in another world, in which it will be difficult for them to find their place. Due to a number of severe problems in the U.S., children should not be considered as average criminals because they frequently become victims of the contemporary regime. As it has been stated above, the contemporary American society is full of complicated social, economic, and political problems, which are the reasons of high crime rates among children and adults. According to Siegel and Welsh (2013), many children and teenagers are at risk of indulging in antisocial and destructive behaviors, such as alcohol use, precocious sexuality, and drug abuse. The most relevant problems facing the American youth revolve around five issues: health and mortality, poverty, family, substandard living conditions, and inadequate education (Siegel Welsh, 2013). A child who has been brought up in a poor one-parent family without love and care can easily join criminal gangs or start taking drugs. A child who witnesses violence in the street, at home, and in the television sooner or later will follow such behavior. Education system, which is vital for children at risk, does not always fulfill its functions and fails to provide low-income students with appropriate education: college education is rather expensive, while some children do not attend school at al. As a result, children and teenagers at risk who need adults care and assistance feel abounded and betrayed: the society does not want to help them. Within such regime, it is not fair to punish severely children who experience violence and crimes in the street, at school, at home, and in television. It is necessary to weight the moral aspect of the issue: whether it is moral to punish people who did not realize consequences of their conduct and who are not mature enough to bear responsibility. First of all, it is not worth generalizing all children-criminals: the ones who committed a crime at the age of 10 years old should be differentiated from the ones who committed a crime at the age of 17. The matter is that the level of consciousness of both categories of criminals significantly varies. However, some children may be extremely cruel and conscious at 10 years old as well. Therefore, it is necessary to measure their consciousness and to identify their intentions. In order to avoid inappropriate sentences for children-criminals, one should view each case in particular: whether the crime was well-organized by the offender and whether he or she realized his/her responsibility and consequences. Psychological tests are necessary for diagnostics of criminals, as many of them suffer from mental illnesses or disorders. Mentally ill children who committed severe crimes should be put into a specialized hospital, in which he/she will be cured and re-educated. It is supposed that children who demonstrated extreme cruelty should be put into so-called prisons where they will receive psychological assistance and education in accordance with the severity of crime. In conclusion, the issue of children-criminals status is rather complicated as it embraces not only a judicial, but also a moral side of the problem. Children who commit crimes are the result of the contemporary social, political, and economic problems that have been created by adults. Children who are frequently victims of the current socio-cultural situation should not be sentenced to life without parole and to similar punishments, which do not involve reeducation and a second chance. Buy custom The Criminal Is a Child essay

Probation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Probation - Coursework Example He asserts that effective school-based programs can help youths to keep off drugs and avoid juvenile delinquencies. The article further explores community-based initiatives aimed at transforming first-time offenders to help them avoid future abrasion with the law. In the article, Greenwood discovers that evidence-based programs can be cost saving. The author utilizes a case of Washington legislature, the result of the analysis in 2006 indicated that doubling high-quality programs investment would suffice the need for more prison capacity. The author thus provides a case that adds to the credibility of the information provided in the article about the effectiveness of evidence-based programs. He recommends that the jurisdiction should adopt evidence-based approach in implementing working programs. When implementing blueprint models, the author recommends that proper choice of program model that focuses on the needs of clients and the agency. Greenwood also recommends that training should be offered by the jurisdiction to personnel involved so that its implementation can be successful. Further, the jurisdiction should recruit the right staff to steer the program, market the program to the clients and organization, organize for monitoring and feedback system to improve the program and institute quality assurance schedule to ensure high level of efficiency. Greenwood, P. (2008). Prevention and intervention programs for juvenile offenders. The future of Children, 18(2), 185-210. Retrieved on December 2, 2014 from

Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Response - Essay Example The media has been accessible to the populace in every facet of their daily lives, starting with simple spoken words and publications, and soaring to the twentieth century new heights with radio, TV and the internet. With such a strong grip on the current society, mass media has managed to form popular culture and to influence public opinion. Nonetheless, when the media is abused, its power has the potential of harming the general population. This paper disagrees with Oak’s opinion that media has served as a boon to humanity in his extensive and definitive discussion of the positive effects of the media. While agreeing that a certain amount of exposure to media is necessary for the masses to introduce themselves to the outside world, the paper emphasizes the fact that media is harmful to people’s well-being. Oak believes that media has greatly benefited humanity. He argues that it has exposed people to the world, allowing different people to exchange their views on various subjects and social issues, resulting into a global knowledge sharing; it provides a platform though which people voice their opinions on all kinds of social and political issues in addition to allowing information sharing. He adds that the media has eased communication and that technological development has provided a platform that has enabled people to present themselves to the rest of the world. He argues that although overexposure to media has somewhat negatively affected the society, it is evidently a pleasure. He supports this by discussing various positive effects of the media. To start with, Oak argues that news broadcasted through different media increase people’s overall awareness/knowledge by providing them with information from throughout the world. News, telefilms and documentaries on social issues raise in children a social awareness developing their concern towards society. Oak also argues that newspapers not only update people with new information and

Civil Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Civil Rights - Essay Example Following World War II, a lot more African American and whites combined together to object the prejudice and segregation that existed in the United States society. Before World War II, a minor figure of blacks and whites had struggled for equality. Nevertheless, with the ending of World War II a significantly prepared Civil Rights Movement was hatched. There were numerous reasons why the Civil Rights Movement came into being at this spot in American history. In their thousands, African Americans served their country all through World War II. They revealed that racial prejudice was not virtually as domineering in European countries like Britain and France. Undoubtedly, many people appreciated the fact that the United States could become a land without traces of racial discrimination. Another principal reason for the development of the Civil Rights Movement towards the end of World War II was the G.I. Bill. To assist World War II veterans completely re-adjust to life after coming back home, the federal government assisted compensate the fee of college education. A large number of African Americans, reaching their thousands, took advantage of this assistance and then realized after graduating from college that whites got well-paying jobs. As result, many African Americans found themselves in jobs they could have received without a four-year college degree. Dispassionate that the United States did not justly provide freedom and equality to all its citizens, a lot of African Americans and their white sympathizers formed a lot more planned movement to accomplish equal rights (Murray 50-67). All through the 1950s and the early 1960s, Martin Luther King, Jr., resurfaced as a significant leader of the Civil Rights Movement. For instance, in 955, King assisted in planning the Montgomery Bus Boycott and expected to abolish segregation in public transportation in Montgomery, Alabama. Further, he next created the Southern Leadership Conference. This union, recognized in 195 7, was committed to uniting churches across the South to boycott racial isolation and the need for equal rights in the United States multi-cultured society. King spearheaded this organization for the rest of his life. He called for non-violent protest. King was of the view that American citizens of all races would appear auspiciously on a lobby group that advocates for peace and equality did not meet inequality with violence. King’s nonviolent message appealed to thousands of supporters of all races who decided that racial segregation and inequality against African Americans needed to be abolished. He planed protest meetings, sit-ins, marches and boycotts. King expected that thousands of American Citizens demanding serenely and politely for equivalent rights would rally support to the Civil Rights Movement (Jackson 40-45). Booker T. Washington was brought up in slavery in Virginia, and during the Civil War he worked in a coal mine and studied at night. At a very young age, Bo oker. T. discovered the importance of education; he also discovered that blacks in the South had very measly power; that is, little income, unequal rights, and in spite of the Fifteenth Amendment, were incapable of voting. According to Booker T. he suggested a clause that later came to be known as the Atlanta Compromise. It advocated that blacks receive better-paying jobs in

Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 109

Discussion - Assignment Example She delayed some acquisitions. Had she made the decision for the acquisitions earlier, Xerox may have not missed the opportunity for high revenues, which the company realized upon completing the deals. Q2. A manager like Mulcahy should avoid experience-based biases. When Mulcahy was appointed the new CEO of Xerox, she like everyone else was surprised. In her mind and in the minds of others, she was not the right candidate because of her managerial inexperience. As the CEO, the manager is bound to meet different experience-based biases at the decision making table. The CEO should thus acknowledge that the final decision is on her/him and coordinate diverging minds to obtain a solution to the problem at hand. The CEO should also avoid recruitment biases as he/ she strives to find the best team/workforce for the company. Q3. It is often a big challenge for some managers to make ethical decisions as they strive to propel their companies to the next level. In order to ensure that they make ethical decisions, managers can emphasize on the following areas: honesty, breadth, and

Burberry The Well Known Luxurious Brand Marketing Essay

Burberry The Well Known Luxurious Brand Marketing Essay Burberry, the well-known luxurious brand, comes from England. It has existed since 1856, and was originally made by Thomas Burberry, of London. Currently, Burberry is an international brand and their multiple shops are located all over the world. The main office of the company is in London. Burberry was famous for the exquisite coats of its original time; however, nowadays Burberry sells coats, accessories, perfume, glasses (Burberry, 2010) Burberrys logo (HaiBao, 2010) 1.1.2 Prada Next, Prada is also a luxurious brand from Italy since 1913. Additionally, it started with the high-class leather by Mario Prada. The products of Prada are concerned modern style and trends. Not only the quality of Prada, but also the performance of modernistic art. Prada has been famous, over 100 years due to its handbags. (Prada, 2010) PRADA logo (2010, soutuzi) 1.2 Theory 1.2.1 Market segmentation According to Hall et al (2008), market segmentation is how a Business divides the features-such as geographically, demographically and behaviorally into sub-groups and how it attracts different types of consumers. 1.2.2 Marketing mix Hall et al (2008) reports that market mix also called four ps-products, price, place and promotion. It is the factors of the market that related to the firms strategy. 1.3Aims The goal of this report is to analyze the market segments as well as the market mix of Burberry and Prada. After that, Burberry is more affordable than Prada. Finally, it includes the recommendation. 2. Findings Discussion 2.1 Segmentation First, Burberry is divided into three sections; there are Burberry London, Burberry Bailey and Thomas Burberry. Since 1997, the new director came to Burberry. Therefore, it also had changed the style of Burberry, which provides the products to the elders, soldiers and the royal members; and it faces the wider customs from all over the world (Burberry, 2010). It could say the demographically of Burberry is all of the youth and the elders. Additionally, according to the Haibao, Burberry established the series called Thomas Burberry. It is suitable for the younger; however, as compare to the Burberry London or Burberry Bailey, T.B is more popular with consumers, because of the lower price and the younger styles. Another strategy of Burberry is geographical region. As for the market shares, Burberry is devoted in the Asian area and the United States. Burberry (Burberry, 2010) announced Sales all over the world is increased by 25% totally, and China takes up 15%, although the main area is still in the Europe. For instance, in 2009, Burberry set a multiple shop in Beijing. Actually, Burberry only chooses the place that has the most shoppers, especially the wealthy. Therefore, the majority of geographical regions are the large cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai in China. It is to say that the different areas citizens have different lifestyle and atheistic standards. Regions (2010) Following the findings above, everybody can know about the segmentation of Burberry. For example, Burberry targets young women, men and children. The measure of this segment is age and gender. As comparison, Pradas marketing segmentations is geographical, demographical and psychological. It is reported by Haibao that the majority of handbags are for mature women and the suits for successful men (2010). The age of consumers is apt to be older. Amount of consumer is high-class. Prada insists in Less is more (Prada, 2010). The fashion company aims at the youth, which can get high salary. Prada is a familistic brand all the time. Miuccia Prada and her husband, Patrizio Bertelli considered that they would do the vendition in Hong Kong firstly. According to Tammy (2010), one of the managers in Prada stated the company would choose Milan, London and New York in time. In China, Prada (Prada, 2010) located in Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai, Xian, Dalian, Shenzhen and Guangzhou. 2.2 Marketing Mix 2.2.1 Products Burberry produces the products, which includes coats, women, men, womens accessories, bags, shoes, scarves, gifts, beauty, children and perfume. Burberrys new managerManley (Manley, 2010) announced that Manley previously looked after all communications aspects across traditional and new channel such as new stars and Internet service (Manley, 2010).In current, Haibao reports that Burberry shows that the series of Winter Storms and the majority of consumer are lovers. Additionally, accessorization, such as scarves, handbags and umbrella also belong to this theme. Winter Storms (2010) Originally, its market served Italy. Nevertheless, Mario Prada changed the materials into the special one nylon, to made bags. Nowadays, Prada includes clothing, underwear, accessories, handbags and oxides items (Prada, 2010). In 2010, Prada (Prada, 2010) forecasts the little gifts for Christmas Day. Accessories of Prada, for Christmas (Haibao, 2010) 2.2.2 Price Burberry sets a high level for the price of its product, Especially Burberry London (Burberry, 2010). However, Thomas Burberry sets a lower price for the mid-class youths. It seems that the price is divided by different level, such as Thomas Burberry is affordable for Burberry London. Certainly, two parts of Burberry-Burberry London and Burberry Baily is sold at a high price, it is to say that Thomas Burberry is approached to consumers. In a word, high-class of the society could be offered these expensive products (Burberry, 2010). Thus, it is obvious that China is a large market for Burberry. Burberry-bags-wallets-and-purses (2010) Pradas prices are similar to Burberry. Skimming is the first position of its strategies. Price of Prada (2010) raffaello-network 2.2.3 Promotion It is essential that a business promotes to attract customers. According to Burberry (2010), Burberry Foundation could give opportunities to make teenagers dreams come true. Therefore, the reputation of Burberry is great. Hence, there is great public relation that Burberry has done. Christopher Bailey, who is the highest manager of Burberry (Luxurious, 2009), with famous Chinese actor-ZhangMan yu, which celebrated the new store built in Beijing. Both of the companies use super stars or super model to display their products to attract consumers. Prada (Prada, 2010) predicts the advertising in 2011 will invite Mariacarla Boscono, Arizona Muse, Kinga Razjak, Zuzanna Bijoch, and Tati Cotliar show the new fashion. Prada in 2011 2.2.4 Place All of the channels of selling in Burberry is increased. Especially, the agency in China goes up and makes considerable profits for Burberry. Revenue by channel of distribution (2010) Amy and Pink (2006) reported the Internet has really changed the way that Prada sells. Wholesale of Pradas handbags are commonplace on the Internet, It is can make consumers buy very first Prada handbags. While Prada will never be considered cheap, the Wholesale Prada handbags offered on the Internet are generally a lot more affordable than the retail stores (Amy Pink, 2006). 2.3 Comparison Turning the topic into the comparison of Burberry and Prada, the traditional marketing mix is about 4ps, which are products, price, place and promotion. Certainly, it includes the unique selling point. First, the unique selling point of Burberry is their coats. However, Prada is famous for their handbags. Products, that Burberry has Perfume, clothing, underwear, accessories, perfume and glasses. Prada has no underwear all the time and Prada notice the familism but Burberry does not. Next, the place seldom has differences between two companies, because both of them are luxurious brand, the companies choose the developed cities to set their multiple shops. Nevertheless, Prada has greater chains of store in China. Therefore, Burberrys marketing share looks like more than Prada. Finally, the place for these two brands is obvious that Prada has more stores in China than Burberry. Moreover, Burberrys place is much better than Prada, because of multi-channel. For promotion, Burberry chooses Zhangmanyu to celebrate the new store and to find some famous, young, modules to represent the products. However, Prada just rely on the Weekly Milan to display their new product, although, Prada choose represents like John Varvators to show the products. After that, due to the luxury, Burberry is royal brand in the United Kingdom, so the price is high. However, there is Thomas Burberry has lower price. All the Pradas series are setting high price (Prada Burberry, 2010). 3. Recommendation In summary, the advantages of Burberry and Prada are the skimming strategy, because it can make more profits. Both of them are known that producing attractions to allure customers, the promotion of Burberry is more attractive than Prada because Burberry likes selecting famous stars to represent the products. However, the disadvantage of these two companies is the price is too high although the cost is high as well. Nevertheless, the marketing share cannot be high. Especially, Prada has no series that sets lower price for citizens, Burberry has Thomas Burberry to connect more consumers at least. Moreover, their multiple shops are located in the big cities, but medium-class cities cannot buy their products from local stores. The suggestion for Burberry is the selling place can be wide, particularly the cheaper Thomas Burberry.(Burberry,2010) As for Prada, the promotion is not enough, though, the words of mouth is popular. Moreover, all of the products and price of Prada is similar. It is hide that ignores medium consumer, so try to divide into more series for consumers could be improved. 4. Conclusion There are all the recent surveys for the Marketing Segmentations and Marketing Mix of Burberry and Prada, the pricy products, widely promotion and prosperous places could make these two companies develop preferable.

The Master-Slave Relationship Essay -- master Slave Essays

The Master-Slave Relationship In this paper I will be discussing the master-slave relationship. I will give you an understanding as to how this union exists. Also I will brief you on how without this relationship a city would not exist. This paper will not only define the master-slave relationship but give quotations and examples that will help you the reader to fully understand this concept. In the master-slave relationship, with this union, the master can not exist without the slave. The slave is there to assist the master with the maintaining of the master’s wants and needs. In the classroom setting the teacher is the slave because he or she has the knowledge that is needed by the students. The students would be the master because the teacher is upholding the desires and wishes of the students by teaching them the knowledge they have. According to Aristotle The Politics, Book I Chapter 2, â€Å"The naturally ruling and ruled, on the account of preservation. For that which can see with the thought is naturally ruling and naturally mastering elements while that which can do with the body is naturally ruled and slave.† This is one of the common relationships that are known in the household. The household is the partnership established by nature for the needs of daily life. A group of households makes up a village, and a group of villages makes up a city. Now that we have seen that the city is made up of households, I would like to discuss that management of the household. What makes up the household relates to the people in the household. A complete household consist of slaves and freemen; who are the master and slave, the husband and wife, and the parent and child. The leadership of the master over the slave is different from nature, and the difference between the slave and freeman only exists by law. It is considered just, but the slave and freeman don’t exists by nature and being an impediment with nature is consequently unjust. What is property? According to the Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary property is defined as a quality or trait belonging and especially peculiar to an individual or thing. Property is also in conjunction with the household, and the ability of managing property is also a part of managing the household; for no man can live well, or indeed live at all, unless he is supplied with the essential items needed to survive... ...ical rule were the same, but they are different. Mastery and political rule are not the same thing, because political rule is over those who are free and equal. With this rule the master is not called master because he has skill that is needed. To be in love is to also be in a master-slave relationship. With this form you are trying to embody in the person what you think you need. So the person that needs something is the master and the one who encompasses it is the slave. Mastery rule is acquiring slaves but using them for their advantage. With slavery, the masters acquired slaves, and the slaves were used for the monetary gain of the masters. So in conclusion, the master-slave relationship not one only exist in the household, but it exist in society and everyday life. Without this relationship, people would be unable to determine who they are as a person and what their purpose is in life. This relationship helps define many interactions, weather it is romantic, educational, or a job function. I never really thought to much about this relationship and just related it to slavery, but I have come to know that it is a significant aspect in the way life’s relationships are viewed.

Patient and Professional Development Assignment Essay

There is considerable evidence that many of the new medical technologies are used inappropriately, to generate income. What patient protections against inappropriate diagnostic and other procedures should be considered? There is no doubt that the new diagnostic and therapeutic technology now available has vastly expanded the economic dimensions of medicine, there is evidence that new and expensive technologies are being used inappropriately to generate income. One example of this statement would be the use of magnetic resonance imaging or MRIs. The popularity of this testing has skyrocketed and has in turn been found to be very profitable for hospitals and outpatient facilities. Despite the swooping popularity and booming financial boost this testing has been found not to have changed patient outcomes. The testing gives providers a clear look at the disease or anatomy being scanned there are no controlled comparisons of diagnostic accuracy or changes in medical or therapeutic care for patients (Sultz and Young, 2011). Therefore this new and innovative testing only adds to the cost of the already terribly high dollar of health care. Physicians now have many choices to make and many opportunities to generate income through the use of these and many more new technologies both in the office and hospital settings. The issue is that medical indications for the use of much of the new technology are not precisely causing problems and susceptible influence by economic factors. The range of acceptable options in a given case is often wide enough to give the provider considerable latitude in his/her choice of procedures. It is in this gray zone that economic incentives have their greatest effect on medical behavior (Relman,  2011). I do not believe that providers make decisions based on economic consideration and outcome that they would not decide otherwise. I believe with all of my heart that for the most part providers do things the majority of the time to do right by the patient and the pocketbook. The problem is, however, â€Å"the right thing† is often a matter of opinion because many tests, procedures, and operations have not yet been fully evaluated or scientifically compared with other available measures for cost effectiveness. Is it possible though pressure of financial advantage often sways those good-hearted providers or is it simply to pacify or satisfy patients? To expand on pacification or satisfaction or patients I will use my area of expertise. I have worked in the area of women’s health most of my career so though I am sure there are other areas of specialty with patients such as ours I can only state from true experience that this is a very high-maintained population. This is a media savvy, device driven; patient population that often wants â€Å"drive-thru† service. The issues I see to often are the ordering of tests, labs, procedures that may be unnecessary or cause greater consequence. There are high-technology screenings for every atypical cell we could possibly have on a female reproductive organ. As soon as a pre-menopausal women with heavy bleeding hears that she may have a positive result she wants a hysterectomy. Though this may be the treatment for some, it is not for all a nd I see way too many women loose their uterus for reasons that were much more benign than the outcome. Being in healthcare for so many years I could give example after example of new high technology that may be used inappropriately for reasons that could be generating income, but done simply for the benefit of the patient and their satisfaction. Patient satisfaction brings a whole new topic of conversation to generating income. So how can we protect patients from potentially themselves or those that provide the ordering power that initiates this vicious cycle? I think first we have to mandate facilities and practices to put in place guidelines and protocols to stop unnecessary testing that has been shown not to change the patient outcome. Another intervention and protection to patients is that providers have to have conversations with patients honestly about what the issue is and that they do not need particular testing if asked for. They need to keep it real with patients. It is true that patient satisfaction is going to be at jeopardy  and that they may want to jump providers, but providers and facilities will need to seriously look at the risk benefit of doing procedures that will not weigh up in a court of law or a court of public opinion. In spite of nursing’s vital importance to hospitals, nurses face excessive paperwork, managerial responsibilities, and supervision of lesser-trained aides — tasks that require an inordinate amount of time spent in functions other than direct patient care. These frustrations, combined with long work hours, stagnant salaries, and other difficulties, have resulted in fewer entrants to schools of nursing and increasing numbers of nurses leaving the profession. Discuss possible solutions to this growing problem. Do providers in the health care system recognize a broader social mission than addressing the needs of only those individuals who achieve access to their services? Elaborate. Relman, A. (2011). Cost control, doctors’ ethics, and patient care. Retrieved from http://www.issues.org/19.4/updated/relman.pdf.

Much Ado About Nothing Essay

Much Ado About Nothing–the title sounds, to a modern ear, offhand and self-effacing; we might expect the play that follows such a beginning to be a marvelous piece of fluff and not much more. However, the play and the title itself are weightier than they initially seem. Shakespeare used two other such titles–Twelfth Night, or What You Will and As You Like It–both of which send unexpected reverberations of meaning throughout their respective plays, the former with its reference to the Epiphany and the topsy-turvy world of a saturnalian celebration, and the latter with its implications about how the characters (and the audience itself) see the world in general and the Forest of Arden in particular. Much Ado About Nothing is no different, but we do not pick up the deeper resonances as quickly as an Elizabethan would, simply because of a shift in pronunciation. We get our first real glimpse of the pun in the title when Don Pedro says, â€Å"Note notes, forsooth, and nothing!† (The Complete Signet Classic Shakespeare, ed. Sylvan Barnet, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1972, 2.3.57). As A. R. Humphreys explains, â€Å"That ‘nothing’, colloquially spoken, was close to or identical with ‘noting’ is the basis of Shakespearean puns, especially in a context of musical ‘noting’. A similar pun, though non-musical, is conceivable here† (Introduction, The Arden Shakespeare: Much Ado About Nothing, London and New York: Methuen, 1981, 4). The play is, in fact, driven by the â€Å"noting† of scenes or conversations and the characters’ reactions to these observations; â€Å"noting† seems to be the thematic glue that binds the various plot elements together. When he wrote the play in 1598, Shakespeare assembled the Hero-Claudio plot line from bits and pieces of Ariosto’s Orlando Furioso (Canto V) and Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (Book II), and added details about Claudio and Don Pedro from Bandello’s La Prima Parte de la Novelle (Novella 22). For the characters of Beatrice and Benedick, Shakespeare drew not so much on a specific story or plot as on the tradition of wit combat and characters from his own earlier comedies; these two characters can be seen, in fact, as wittier and more mature versions of Kate and Petruchio from The Taming of the Shrew. Dogberry and Verges also have no clear literary source, but seem instead to be taken from Shakespeare’s England. (For a detail ed discussion of Much Ado’s sources, see A. R. Humphreys’ introduction to The Arden Shakespeare: Much Ado About Nothing, London and New York: Methuen, 1981, 5-25.) These  characters, different though they may be, mesh together (and frequently clash) through their observations, chance overhearings, and deliberate eavesdroppings. The first sign of this comes early in Act I. When Claudio asks Benedick what he thinks of Hero, Benedick responds, â€Å"I noted her not, but I looked on her† (1.1.158). It becomes increasingly clear that they see in Hero two entirely different people. To Claudio she is â€Å"a modest young lady,† â€Å"a jewel,† and â€Å"the sweetest lady that ever I looked on (1.1.159, 175, 181-2). But to Benedick, â€Å"she’s too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise, and too little for a great praise† (1.1.165-70). This is, as John Wilders â€Å"notes,† â€Å"a play much concerned with the ways in which people perceive one another, with our tendency to see in other people whatever by character and experience we are predisposed to see† (New Prefaces to Shakespeare, Oxfo rd: Basil Blackwell, 1988, 147). So we must consider that Claudio is describing what he sees through the hazy mists of romantic attraction, and that Benedick (whatever he may say) is analyzing her through the mask of â€Å"a professed tyrant to their sex† (1.1.162-3); neither of them may be seeing Hero as she really is. Claudio, however, has an unfortunate tendency to believe exactly what he sees, and his eyesight proves more powerful than his faith in Don Pedro and his love for Hero. When Don John, in his first bit of mischief, suggests to Claudio that Don Pedro is courting Hero for himself, Claudio (despite his knowledge of the wooing plan and his friendship with the prince) takes what he sees for truth. And he is not convinced otherwise until the Don Pedro actually hands Hero over to him. Benedick also believes what his eyes show him: â€Å"The Prince hath got your Hero†¦. But did you think the Prince would have served you thus?† (2.1.189-90, 193-4). But Benedick, at least, may be excused by his ignorance of Pedro’s intent to woo in Claudio’s name. This excuse cannot be made for Claudio; he seems more willing to trust what he sees rather than what he believes in his heart or knows in his mind to be true. It is this quality that enables Don John to convince Claudio that H ero is unchaste; so when Claudio sees Margaret, impersonating Hero, in intimate conversation with Borachio, he disregards what faith (if any) he had in her, abandons his earlier observation that she is â€Å"a modest young lady† (1.1.159), and determines to shame her at the marriage ceremony. In his relationships with Don Pedro and Hero, visual proof (in both cases provided by a thorough-going  villain) takes precedence over previous experience. Eyesight, however, is not the only deceiving sense; hearing is also included in the play’s treatment of â€Å"noting.† At the beginning of 2.1, we learn that one of Antonio’s servants happened to overhear Claudio and Don Pedro making plans for the winning of Hero, but the servant must not have heard the conversation in its entirety because he runs to Antonio with the story that Don Pedro means to court Hero in earnest. Auditory observations can apparently be just as unreliable as visual ones. Borachio, perhaps a more adept spy, also overhears Claudio’s and Don Pedro’s conversation, but he comes away with a more accurate version of the plan (2.3.56-61). The next eavesdropping scene, carefully engineered by â€Å"the love-gods† (2.2.382) for the gulling of Beatrice and Benedick, is yet another demonstration that what we see and hear is not necessarily what is. Just as Don John and Borachio create an event to deceive Claudio, Don Pedro and his c onfederates act out a scene for Benedick, and Hero and Ursula do the same for Beatrice. The quarrelsome couple believe what the â€Å"love-gods† say because on some level it’s true and because Beatrice and Benedick want to believe that each is in love with the other. In the same way that we see what â€Å"we are predisposed to see† (Wilders 147), we also hear (and believe) what we are predisposed to hear. The final (and perhaps most important) overhearing connects the comic subplot of the constabulary with the world of Don John and Don Pedro. Despite their lack of sophistication and their abuse of the English language, Dogberry, Verges and the rest of the Watch discover Don John’s plotting and manage to sort out the confusion created by the aristocrats. â€Å"Much Ado is,† as John Wilders says, â€Å"a play about ‘noting’, about the various and conflicting ways in which we respond to and judge other people† (147). It is about the flexibility of reality–our ability to manipulate what other people observe and o ur occasional tendency to let biases influence our perceptions. And finally, it is about the inadequacy of â€Å"noting† the world with eyes and ears only, and the importance of relying on one’s experience with and consequent faith in other human beings. Much Ado is all this, and marvelous comedy too.